Written questions by Farron.

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in The Potteries reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2032.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Coventry and Bedworth reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2026.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which (a) cities and (b) towns in the Eastern reporting zone are delaying compliance.

All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Coventry and Bedworth zone are in the city of Coventry. Bradford is the only city, and Keighley is the only town, in the West Yorkshire Urban Area delaying compliance with the NO2 limit value. All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Eastern zone are in the town of Basildon. The 2023 compliance assessment reported one exceedance of the annual mean limit value for NO2 in the South East reporting zone - on the A34 in the Vale of White Horse. This road link is part of the Strategic Road Network (SRN) which is managed by National Highways.

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April 2025 to Question 45557 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, in which year she expects the Eastern reporting zone to become compliant.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, whether Bradford is the only (a) city and (b) town in the West Yorkshire Urban Area reporting zone delaying compliance until 2029.

All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Coventry and Bedworth zone are in the city of Coventry. Bradford is the only city, and Keighley is the only town, in the West Yorkshire Urban Area delaying compliance with the NO2 limit value. All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Eastern zone are in the town of Basildon. The 2023 compliance assessment reported one exceedance of the annual mean limit value for NO2 in the South East reporting zone - on the A34 in the Vale of White Horse. This road link is part of the Strategic Road Network (SRN) which is managed by National Highways.

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the West Midlands Urban Area reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2032.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Sheffield Urban Area reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2031.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the West Yorkshire Urban Area reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2029.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, whether Coventry is the only (a) city and (b) town in the Coventry and Bedworth zone delaying compliance until 2026.

All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Coventry and Bedworth zone are in the city of Coventry. Bradford is the only city, and Keighley is the only town, in the West Yorkshire Urban Area delaying compliance with the NO2 limit value. All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Eastern zone are in the town of Basildon. The 2023 compliance assessment reported one exceedance of the annual mean limit value for NO2 in the South East reporting zone - on the A34 in the Vale of White Horse. This road link is part of the Strategic Road Network (SRN) which is managed by National Highways.

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Nottingham Urban Area reporting zone delayed compliance until 2024.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which towns in the South East reporting zone are delaying compliance until 2028.

All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Coventry and Bedworth zone are in the city of Coventry. Bradford is the only city, and Keighley is the only town, in the West Yorkshire Urban Area delaying compliance with the NO2 limit value. All NO2 exceedances delaying compliance in the Eastern zone are in the town of Basildon. The 2023 compliance assessment reported one exceedance of the annual mean limit value for NO2 in the South East reporting zone - on the A34 in the Vale of White Horse. This road link is part of the Strategic Road Network (SRN) which is managed by National Highways.

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Greater London Urban Area reporting zone delayed compliance until 2024.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Portsmouth Urban Area reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2026.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Liverpool Urban Area reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2029.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Reading and Wokingham Area reporting zone delayed compliance until 2024.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, pursuant to the Answer of 28 April to Question 45559 on Nitrogen Dioxide: Pollution Control, which localised hotspot in the Bristol Urban Area reporting zone is delaying compliance until 2031.

The localised hotspots that inform our estimates of when each reporting zone is predicted to become compliant are set out in the following table. The predicted years of compliance in Question 45559 were based on 2023 data. For each zone, the hotspot location with the highest 2023 annual average NO2 concentration has been given, as that site drives the predicted compliance year. This data is based on data gathered under the previous Government. Reporting ZoneEstimated Compliance YearHotspot LocationMeasured 2023 Concentration µg/m3Bristol Urban Area2031Colston Avenue, Bristol48.9Coventry and Bedworth2026Holyhead Road, Coventry45.9Eastern2026Southend Arterial Road, Basildon48.9Greater London Urban Area2024A201 (City of London), A501 (Westminster)41.9; 41.6 (modelled value) Liverpool Urban Area2029Pembroke Place, Liverpool49.7Nottingham Urban Area2024Ilkeston Road, Nottingham41.1Portsmouth Urban Area2026Alred Road, Portsmouth43.7Reading and Wokingham Urban Area2024Malcolm Place, Reading42.6Sheffield Urban Area2031Brightside Lane, Sheffield48.8The Potteries2032Etruria Road, Stoke-on-Trent58.4West Midlands Urban Area2032Moor Street Queensway, Birmingham. Priory Queensway, Birmingham51.5, 51.5West Yorkshire Urban Area2029Shipley Airedale Rd, Bradford47.8

Food and Rural Affairs, what steps he plans to take to protect the ecological status chalk streams in legislation.

Cleaning up our waters, including iconic sites such as chalk streams is a top government priority. That is why on 23 October 2024, the Secretary of State announced the launch of an independent commission to fundamentally transform how our water system works. Fixing the systemic issues in the water system is essential to address the multiple pressures facing chalk streams, namely over abstraction, phosphorous pollution and physical modifications of habitats. Restoring our chalk streams to better ecological health is part of our overall programme of reforms for the water sector.Over the next five years water companies will spend more than £2 billion to deliver over 1,000 actions for chalk stream restoration and reduce their abstraction from chalk streams by 126 million litres per day. The Government is investing £1.8 million through the Water Restoration Fund and Water Environment Improvement Fund into chalk stream projects.

Food and Rural Affairs, what steps he is taking to represent the interests of farmers in the negotiations for the US-UK Economic Prosperity Deal.

On 8 May, the UK Government announced a landmark economic deal with the United States, making the UK the first country to reach an agreement with President Trump. This delivers on the commitment by the Prime Minister and the President on 27 February to agree an economic deal in our respective national interests. We have always been clear that this Government will protect British farmers, secure our food security, and uphold our high food, animal welfare, and environmental standards in trade deals. That is exactly what we have done and will continue to do.

Food and Rural Affairs, what estimate he has made of the proportion of beef imports from the US that will be (a) carcass and b) valuable cuts following the US-UK Economic Prosperity Deal.

On 8 May, the UK Government announced a landmark economic deal with the United States, making the UK the first country to reach an agreement with President Trump. This delivers on the commitment by the Prime Minister and the President on 27 February to agree an economic deal in our respective national interests. This deal has created a reciprocal agreement to lower tariffs for British beef exporters to the US, while acting in the UK’s national interest by ensuring that we uphold our rigorous food standards while protecting our farmers. The agreement on beef means that around 1.5% of the UK beef market could come from the United States, and the same quantity of British beef can be exported to them. We have always been clear that this Government will protect British farmers, secure our food security, and uphold our high food, animal welfare, and environmental standards in trade deals. That is exactly what we have done and will continue to do.

Food and Rural Affairs, what steps he is taking to ensure food security in relation to the ongoing negotiations for the US-UK Economic Prosperity Deal.

On 8 May, the UK Government announced a landmark economic deal with the United States, making the UK the first country to reach an agreement with President Trump. This delivers on the commitment by the Prime Minister and the President on 27 February to agree an economic deal in our respective national interests. We have always been clear that this Government will protect British farmers, secure our food security, and uphold our high food, animal welfare, and environmental standards in trade deals. That is exactly what we have done and will continue to do.