Written questions by McMurdock.

What recent assessment she has made of the number of children with EHCPs whose preference was for a specialist school place, but were instead placed in a mainstream school.

The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, in December, the department announced at least £3 billion for high needs capital between 2026/27 and 2029/30, to support children and young people with SEND or who require alternative provision. This builds on the £740 million invested in 2025/26, which is on track to create around 10,000 new specialist places. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million, and Essex has been allocated just under £21 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs.It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

What estimate she has made of the number of SEND spaces needed in South Basildon and East Thurrock to meet forecast demand.

The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, in December, the department announced at least £3 billion for high needs capital between 2026/27 and 2029/30, to support children and young people with SEND or who require alternative provision. This builds on the £740 million invested in 2025/26, which is on track to create around 10,000 new specialist places. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million, and Essex has been allocated just under £21 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs.It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

Pursuant to the Answer of 3 December 2025 to Question 94577 on Special Educational Needs: Admissions, whether she has provided guidance on the number of additional SEND places required to meet forecast demand in Thurrock.

The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, in December, the department announced at least £3 billion for high needs capital between 2026/27 and 2029/30, to support children and young people with SEND or who require alternative provision. This builds on the £740 million invested in 2025/26, which is on track to create around 10,000 new specialist places. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million, and Essex has been allocated just under £21 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs.It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

What support she is providing to local authorities to help ensure they have a sufficient number of foster carers to meet local demand.

Foster care is one of my top priorities as Minister. The department is already investing £25 million of transformation funding for foster care, which is additional to the £15 million announced at the Autumn Budget covering the 2025/26 financial year. We are already working with over 60% of local authorities in England to transform the way they recruit and retain foster carers. The Spending Review also set aside funding for renovating and extending foster care homes.However, we know we need to go further and faster with recruiting and retaining more carers and we will set out more detail on our planned investments and reforms for fostering in due course.

What recent assessment she has made of the levels of unmet demand for SEND places in (a) Thurrock and (b) Basildon.

The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND), sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, in December, the department announced at least £3 billion for high needs capital between 2026/27 and 2029/30, to support children and young people with SEND or who require alternative provision. This builds on the £740 million invested in 2025/26, which is on track to create around 10,000 new specialist places. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million, and Essex has been allocated just under £21 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs.It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

What recent assessment she has made of the potential implications for her policies of variations in the amount and quality of breaktime provision between schools.

I refer the hon. Member for South Basildon and East Thurrock to the answers of 25 November 2025 and 5 December 2025 to Questions 91834 and 95249.

What assessment she has made of the adequacy of funding arrangements for village primary schools with low pupil numbers.

The government recognises the essential role that small schools play in their communities, many of which are in rural areas. The schools national funding formula (NFF) accounts for challenges faced by small schools in rural areas through the lump sum and sparsity factor.In the 2026/27 financial year, the sparsity factor provides eligible primary schools up to £58,600, and all other eligible schools up to £85,200. This funding recognises that some schools are necessarily small because they are remote and do not have the same opportunities to grow or make efficiency savings as other schools.In addition to the sparsity factor, all small schools will benefit from the increase to core factors in the NFF in 2026/27, including the NFF lump sum set at £152,700. This provides a fixed amount of funding that is particularly beneficial to small schools, as it is not affected by pupil numbers.

What steps she is taking to support small village primary schools with low pupil numbers to remain financially stable.

The government recognises the essential role that small schools play in their communities, many of which are in rural areas. The schools national funding formula (NFF) accounts for challenges faced by small schools in rural areas through the lump sum and sparsity factor.In the 2026/27 financial year, the sparsity factor provides eligible primary schools up to £58,600, and all other eligible schools up to £85,200. This funding recognises that some schools are necessarily small because they are remote and do not have the same opportunities to grow or make efficiency savings as other schools.In addition to the sparsity factor, all small schools will benefit from the increase to core factors in the NFF in 2026/27, including the NFF lump sum set at £152,700. This provides a fixed amount of funding that is particularly beneficial to small schools, as it is not affected by pupil numbers.

What measures she will use to evaluate the effect of the National Year of Reading 2026 on closing the gender attainment gap.

Reading for pleasure brings a range of benefits, including strong links with attainment. However, research by the National Literacy Trust shows that in 2025, just one in three children aged 8 to 18 reported enjoying reading, with teenage boys regularly reporting the lowest levels of reading enjoyment.That is why the department is launching the National Year of Reading, a UK-wide campaign to address the steep decline in reading enjoyment amongst children, young people and adultsGrounded in existing evidence and new research by an external research agency, the campaign is designed to deliver meaningful impact during 2026 and beyond.The impact of the National Year of Reading will be measured through an independent external evaluation. The evaluation will examine how the campaign influences reading behaviours, connects with audiences and shapes attitudes towards reading, particularly among the campaign’s priority audiences: teenage boys, early years children, and families from disadvantaged communities. It will also assess the wider impact on the literacy sector and the foundations for long-term change. The findings will be published in 2027.

If she will make an assessment of the potential merits of including breaktime quality indicators within a) school wellbeing and b) inspection frameworks.

Play is an essential part of a child’s development and learning, as recognised in the early years foundation stage statutory framework. Schools, governing bodies and academy trusts are responsible for ensuring the school day includes opportunities for social interaction, physical activity and enrichment activities. The department’s guidance sets out an expectation that the school week in all state-funded mainstream schools should be at least 32.5 hours including breaks, providing opportunity for schools to incorporate time for play and other enrichment activities. This guidance can be accessed here: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/length-of-the-school-week-minimum-expectation. As part of the department’s work to develop a good practice framework to help schools increase pupil engagement, we will consider the evidence around effective use of breaktimes and other elements of the school day that can support engagement. While Ofsted does not inspect breaktime quality, inspectors will observe and talk to pupils on breaktimes, and this will form part of their consideration of the school.

What assessment she has made of the potential impact of not holding data on the number of pupils with irregular immigration status on school funding allocations.

The schools national funding formula (NFF) allocates funding based on the characteristics of schools and their pupils. The immigration status of pupils has no impact on the funding allocated.

What assessment she has made of (a) trends in the level of access to playtime between different schools and (b) the potential impact of variations between schools on children’s development.

Play is an essential part of a child’s development and learning, as recognised in the early years foundation stage statutory framework. Schools, governing bodies and academy trusts are responsible for ensuring the school day includes opportunities for social interaction, physical activity and enrichment activities. The department’s guidance sets out an expectation that the school week in all state-funded mainstream schools should be at least 32.5 hours including breaks, providing opportunity for schools to incorporate time for play and other enrichment activities. This guidance can be accessed here: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/length-of-the-school-week-minimum-expectation. As part of the department’s work to develop a good practice framework to help schools increase pupil engagement, we will consider the evidence around effective use of breaktimes and other elements of the school day that can support engagement. While Ofsted does not inspect breaktime quality, inspectors will observe and talk to pupils on breaktimes, and this will form part of their consideration of the school.

What guidance she provides to schools on minimum expectations for playtime duration during the school day.

Play is an essential part of a child’s development and learning, as recognised in the early years foundation stage statutory framework. Schools, governing bodies and academy trusts are responsible for ensuring the school day includes opportunities for social interaction, physical activity and enrichment activities. The department’s guidance sets out an expectation that the school week in all state-funded mainstream schools should be at least 32.5 hours including breaks, providing opportunity for schools to incorporate time for play and other enrichment activities. This guidance can be accessed here: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/length-of-the-school-week-minimum-expectation. As part of the department’s work to develop a good practice framework to help schools increase pupil engagement, we will consider the evidence around effective use of breaktimes and other elements of the school day that can support engagement. While Ofsted does not inspect breaktime quality, inspectors will observe and talk to pupils on breaktimes, and this will form part of their consideration of the school.

What steps she is taking to ensure that schools provide adequate unstructured play opportunities to support pupils’ wellbeing and development.

Play is an essential part of a child’s development and learning, as recognised in the early years foundation stage statutory framework. Schools, governing bodies and academy trusts are responsible for ensuring the school day includes opportunities for social interaction, physical activity and enrichment activities. The department’s guidance sets out an expectation that the school week in all state-funded mainstream schools should be at least 32.5 hours including breaks, providing opportunity for schools to incorporate time for play and other enrichment activities. This guidance can be accessed here: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/length-of-the-school-week-minimum-expectation. As part of the department’s work to develop a good practice framework to help schools increase pupil engagement, we will consider the evidence around effective use of breaktimes and other elements of the school day that can support engagement. While Ofsted does not inspect breaktime quality, inspectors will observe and talk to pupils on breaktimes, and this will form part of their consideration of the school.

What discussions she has had with the Secretary of State for the Home Department on the availability of anonymised data relevant to children with irregular migrant status who are enrolled in schools.

Every child who is resident in England has a right to a school place irrespective of their nationality or immigration status therefore this data is not collected.

What plans she has to provide additional funding to mainstream schools that are accommodating higher numbers of SEND pupils due to shortages in specialist placements.

The government has been clear that a more inclusive education system is needed to provide children and young people with the opportunities they need to achieve and thrive.The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities, sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, the department has published allocations for £740 million high needs capital in 2025/26. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs. It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

What estimate she has made of the number of SEND pupils placed in mainstream schools due to a lack of available places in specialist settings.

Information on the number of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) by the setting they attend is shown in the following table: https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/data-tables/permalink/abcb598c-d065-4db8-960d-08de29f25240. Information is not held on the number of pupils with SEN attending mainstream schools due to a lack of available places in specialist settings.

What assessment she has made of the impact on mainstream schools of the number of SEND pupils placed in these schools due to a lack of available places in specialist settings.

The government has been clear that a more inclusive education system is needed to provide children and young people with the opportunities they need to achieve and thrive.The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities, sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, the department has published allocations for £740 million high needs capital in 2025/26. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs. It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

What assessment she has made of the adequacy of the availability of specialist school places for pupils with SEN and disabilities.

The government has been clear that a more inclusive education system is needed to provide children and young people with the opportunities they need to achieve and thrive.The statutory duty to provide sufficient school places, including for pupils with special educational needs and disabilities, sits with local authorities. To support local authorities with this duty, the department has published allocations for £740 million high needs capital in 2025/26. Of this funding, Thurrock council has been allocated just under £2 million.This funding is intended to create specialist facilities within mainstream schools that can deliver more intensive support adapted to suit the pupils’ needs. It can also be used to adapt mainstream schools to be more accessible and to create special school places for pupils with the most complex needs. It is ultimately up to local authorities to determine how to best prioritise their high needs capital funding to address local priorities.

Whether her Department plans to introduce safeguards to help ensure that the digital identity system introduced under Clause 4 of the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill protects children’s privacy and data protection rights.

An assessment of the potential impact on parental rights and informed consent is included in the Bill ECHR impact assessment, available here: https://bills.parliament.uk/publications/59867/documents/6253. Conditions for processing are a matter for local data controllers now, and that will remain the case under this new duty.To clarify, clause 4 introduces an information sharing duty and makes provision for a consistent identifier to be used across organisations that have safeguarding and welfare functions to support record linkage. Its use has therefore been limited to safeguarding and welfare. Safeguards have been built into this provision, and data protection principles still apply meaning information may only be shared where it is necessary and proportionate. In addition, both measures are clear that any benefits of sharing must outweigh any potential detriment to the child.As required under Article 36(4) of the UK General Data Protection Regulations, the department has formally consulted the Information Commissioner’s Office. A Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) is not required by the department for the information sharing duty element of clause 4 because personal data will be processed locally. For the consistent identifier element of clause 4, it is currently the position that the department will not be a processor of personal data, so a DPIA is not required as it stands. We will keep this position under review and, should it ever be the case that the department will process personal data as part of either element of clause 4, we would conduct and publish a DPIA.During the passage of the Bill, the department has committed to undertake public consultation, including with parents, and will comply with requirements for impact assessments.Clause 4 will be commenced at a later date, rather than immediately upon Royal Assent, to allow for consultation on statutory guidance, further consideration of impact, as well as ongoing piloting and technical design of the consistent identifier. The department will only proceed when we are confident in the benefits, cost, security, and governance.