Written questions by Mierlo.

Media and Sport, whether she has had discussions with the BBC Board on the UK's participation in the Eurovision Song Contest in the context of Israel's participation.

The BBC is operationally and editorially independent from the Government. Therefore, the Government cannot intervene in the BBC’s day-to-day operations including on editorial matters.Decisions on who to include in international events and competitions are for the organisers to take, within the framework of their own rules and regulations. It is for the EBU, in consultation with its members, to decide which countries are allowed to participate in Eurovision.

What steps his Department is taking to support NHS patient transport for (a) elderly people and (b) other patients.

Non-Emergency Patient Transport Services (NEPTS) are designed to provide transport for patients who have particular clinical or mobility needs that necessitate such support, which may include elderly or vulnerable patients. The eligibility criteria for NEPTS have been set nationally by NHS England, and the details are available at the following link: https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/B1244-nepts-eligibility-criteria.pdf The Healthcare Travel Cost Scheme (HTCS) is available for eligible patients and provides financial support to facilitate journeys to and from National Health Service funded secondary care. Details on the eligibility for HTCS is available at the following link:https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/help-with-health-costs/healthcare-travel-costs-scheme-htcs/.Local integrated care boards (ICBs) hold responsibility for the implementation of patient transport services at a local level, including monitoring and improving against performance targets. ICBs are best placed to work and consult with their local stakeholders, health and care organisations, and local authorities to decide how to best meet and deliver for the needs of their local population. NHS England is funding and co-ordinating a range of Patient Transport Pathfinder projects to explore more effective approaches to supporting patients with their NHS travel needs.

If he will make an assessment of the adequacy of his Department's processes for (a) forecasting, (b) alerting and (c) responding to medicine shortages.

Medicine supply chains are complex, global and highly regulated and there are a number of reasons why supply can be disrupted – many of which are not specific to the United Kingdom and are outside of government control. This includes manufacturing difficulties, access to raw materials, sudden demand spikes or distribution issues, and regulatory issues.The resilience of UK supply chains is a key priority, and we are continually learning and seeking to improve the way we work to both manage and help prevent supply issues and avoid shortages. In August, the government published a policy paper, ‘Managing a robust and resilient supply of medicines’, which provides transparency of the supply chains we rely on, the actions we take to protect patients from medicines shortages when they occur, and the steps the Department and NHS England are taking to enhance resilience in our supply chains. As part of that work, we continue to engage with industry, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, and other colleagues across the supply chain as we progress work to co-design and deliver these actions.

If he will make an assessment of the potential impact of NHS tariff thresholds on pharmacies' ability to source medicines.

Evaluations by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) ensure that spend on new medicines represents a clinically and cost-effective use of National Health Service resources.NICE thresholds should not have any impact on pharmacies’ ability to source medicines. Community pharmacies source the drugs they need to dispense against NHS prescriptions and will be reimbursed according to the prices and arrangements set out in the Drug Tariff. The United Kingdom has well established ways of managing the cost of medicines, ensuring pharmacies are appropriately reimbursed and clear processes in place to protect against risks to supply.

Innovation and Technology, whether she will make an assessment of the effectiveness of the enforcement of the Malicious Communications Act 1988.

The Online Safety Act introduced a number of communication offences, which were commenced in January 2024, including the false and threatening communications offences. The new communications offences have replaced the equivalent offences in the Malicious Communications Act 1988. In the January to December 2024 period, there were 14 convictions under the false communications offence and 294 under the threatening communications offence.

What assessment he has made of the effectiveness of the fortnightly notification provided to medicine suppliers regarding medicine shortages.

NHS England’s medicines frameworks contain a contractual ask that requires all suppliers to update NHS England on their ability to supply their products to National Health Service hospitals. This information is requested fortnightly and the responses are the basis by which NHS England’s medicines supply chain team assess current or potential upcoming medicines shortages. This is a process designed to ensure the continuity of medicines supply for NHS hospitals and the information is not shared openly, but rather is only shared with specific relevant suppliers, who may be able to assist with the proposed mitigation plan. A compilation of the mitigations is shared with all NHS hospitals and regional pharmacy procurement leads in order to support the implementation of the agreed actions locally.

What recent assessment he has made of the robustness of protections for patient advocates' (a) personal care interactions with NHS services and (b) their advocacy for patients.

For people who find it difficult to understand their care or find it hard to speak up, ‘Someone to speak up for you advocates’ are available to act as a spokesperson for them. They can help with a wide range of support needs, including understanding the care and support process, helping with decisions and standing up for a patient’s rights. People can access this support through their local council.Advocacy support is also available for anyone who wants to make a complaint about the National Health Service. Local authorities have a legal obligation to provide an Independent Complaints Advocacy Service to support people who are making or thinking about making a complaint. An NHS complaints advocate can provide support at any stage of the complaints process. The Government is providing approximately £15 million of grant funding to local authorities this year towards this service.

What steps is he taking to reduce the level of medicine access inequalities in England; and what discussions he has had with his counterparts in the devolved Administrations on this matter.

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is the independent body that develops authoritative, evidence-based guidance on whether new medicines should be routinely funded by the National Health Service in England based on an evaluation of clinical and cost effectiveness. The NHS in England is legally required to fund medicines recommended by NICE, normally within three months of the publication of final guidance, which supports consistent access for NHS patients wherever in England they live.Fit for the future: 10 Year Health Plan for England, published on 3 July 2025, describes the creation of a single national formulary (SNF) for medicines to supersede the current process by which each local area decides which medicines, in addition to those recommended by NICE, are available to its patients. A SNF is expected to supersede these local processes with a formulary oversight board responsible for sequencing products included in the SNF based on clinical and cost effectiveness, supported by NICE. The intention is to drive rapid and equitable adoption of the most clinically and cost-effective medicines.Work will now begin on design and delivery planning, and we will work collaboratively with key stakeholders including NICE and industry on the plans.The devolved administrations are responsible for the arrangements that they put in place to make decisions on access to medicines for NHS patients, however, this Department’s officials engage and meet with them regularly in a spirit of collaboration and mutual learning. At the political level, health ministers from the four nations also meet quarterly.

Communities and Local Government, whether he has had recent discussions with the Environment Agency on their process for approving a planning application in the case of new development in Oxfordshire that will be connected to Oxford Sewage Treatment Works.

MHCLG ministers have had no recent discussions with the Environment Agency (EA) in respect of the matter in question.The EA has worked with Thames Water to develop a strategic approach to managing wastewater capacity challenges in Oxford. Working with local partners, it is tracking delivery of the improvements to the Oxford Sewage Treatment Works to ensure the delivery of sufficient wastewater capacity in this critical growth area.

What discussions he has had with his international counterparts on (a) the suitability of country-level forecasts of supply needs for medicines up to three years in advance and (b) the steps needed to reduce medicine shortages from unexpected rises in demand including for (i) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and (ii) hormone replacement therapy.

Given the inherent global nature of medical supply chains, international collaboration is key to strengthening supply resilience. The United Kingdom is committed to working with international partners to enhance the resilience and security of medical supply chains. We regularly engage with international partners, bilaterally and multilaterally, to exchange information on approaches to strengthen medical supply chains including approaches to manage and reduce shortages. The Department and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) both participate in the Drug Shortages Global Regulatory Working Group, an international forum of medicine regulatory authorities from the UK alongside Australia, Canada, Japan, the United States and the European Medicines Agency, with the World Health Organisation as an observer. Information is shared about shortages of medicines with a global impact, including medicines used for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and actions are taken to prevent, monitor and mitigate their impact. While we cannot always prevent supply issues from occurring, we have a range of well-established processes and tools to manage them when they arise and mitigate risks to patients. We continue to work closely with suppliers and other stakeholders such as the National Health Service and MHRA to maintain supply of medicines used for ADHD and Hormone Replacement Treatment (HRT) across the UK during any shortages. This includes working to expedite resupply dates of the disrupted products to resolve issues as soon as possible and engaging with new suppliers of medicines to increase supply capacity and resilience, to help fill supply gaps and prevent future shortages. As a result of intensive work, the supply issues affecting medicines used for ADHD and HRT are now largely resolved.

If he will make it his policy to adopt the recommendations of the Women and Equalities Committee's Sixth Report of Session 2024-25 entitled Equality at work: Paternity and shared parental leave, HC 502.

The Government thanks the committee for its careful consideration of Shared Parental Leave and Paternity Leave and has responded in full to the report. We recognise that more can be done to ensure working families are better supported. That is why on 1 July 2025 we launched the parental leave and pay review, which will consider all current and upcoming parental leave and pay entitlements. The recommendations and evidence outlined in the Women and Equality Committee’s report are important contributions to the review and we look forward to working with the committee as the thinking develops.

What discussions he has had with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on securing long term access to cerliponase alfa.

Officials in the Department have had a number of discussions with colleagues in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) about the ongoing appraisal of cerliponase alfa (Brineura) for the treatment of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 (CLN2). The Government understands the devastating impact of this condition on those affected, and how important the availability of effective new treatments is to patients and their families.An agreement has now been reached between NHS England and the manufacturer of Brineura, BioMarin, that secures continued access for patients who have already started treatment with Brineura or who begin treatment before the end of this year.NICE is, at present, unable to recommend Brineura for routine National Health Service funding for new patients in its draft guidance published in August. This decision comes after commercial negotiations between NHS England and BioMarin failed to secure a price for the treatment that properly reflects the limited evidence of its long-term effectiveness.I recognise how disappointing this will be to all those affected, but I would like to underline that NICE has not yet concluded its appraisal. Stakeholders, including patient groups and the company, have had an opportunity to appeal the final draft guidance. If no appeal goes ahead, NICE expects to publish its final recommendations on cerliponase alfa in October.

Innovation and Technology, what assessment she has made of the adequacy of online safety regulations for protecting people against harmful advice provided by AI chatbots.

Services with AI chatbots regulated under the Online Safety Act have duties to protect all users from illegal content and children from age inappropiate content. This includes harmful advice if it is illegal content or meets the definition of harmful content to children under the Act.The Government keeps all legislation under review and we will not hesitate to strengthen the law further if required.

Pursuant to the Answer of 7 March 2025 to Question 35541 and and the Answer of 12 May to Question 50770 on Hormone Replacement Therapy, (a) what progress has been made and (b) what further steps are being taken to ensure a continued supply of HRT implants for patients.

The Department is continuing to work closely with the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) to ensure safe access to oestrogen and testosterone hormone replacement therapy (HRT) implants, which are not licensed in the United Kingdom.The MHRA has been working closely with the current importers of the product and is also looking to encourage other applications for a licensed medicinal product. The MHRA is currently assured that there are over 13 months of product in the UK based on currently available stocks and usage rates.As oestrogen and testosterone HRT implants are not licensed in the UK, we are encouraging applications to supply products through the licensed medicines route.The Department is working closely with the MHRA to ensure safe access to these products. The Department have also reached out to specialist importers, who can source unlicensed medicines, to find alternative sources of both HRT implants for UK patients. The Department will continue to work closely with the MHRA and the National Health Service to ensure that suitable alternatives are available for patients.

Innovation and Technology, what steps she is taking to help ensure that parents receive adequate information on (a) the use of (i) parental controls and (ii) virtual private networks and (b) other steps to keep children safe online.

DSIT has funded media literacy projects, including Parent Zone’s ‘Everyday Digital’, to help parents understand online safety. On 12 September 2025, DSIT published research exploring what support parents need to keep children safe online. Ofcom has also released a guide for parents on how new Online Safety Act measures will protect children online, including advice and links to trusted resources.Virtual private networks have many legitimate uses. The Government and Ofcom continue to monitor whether technologies can be used to seek to circumvent the protections of the Act for children.

If she will hold discussions with HMRC on the difference between the loan charge settlement terms offered to (a) large companies and (b) other people.

The Government commissioned an independent review of the loan charge to help bring the matter to a close for those affected whilst ensuring fairness for all taxpayers. The Government will respond by Autumn Budget 2025. HMRC applies the law fairly and consistently in accordance with its published Litigation and Settlement Strategy (LSS). This ensures every taxpayer, no matter who they are, pays the tax due under the law. Central to the LSS is that HMRC will not settle a dispute by agreement for an amount which is less than it would reasonably expect to obtain from litigation. HMRC’s Litigation and Settlement strategy can be found on gov.uk: www.gov.uk/government/publications/litigation-and-settlement-strategy-lss

Innovation and Technology, with reference to the Online Safety Act 2023, what assessment he has made on the adequacy of the security of personal data shared with third parties.

The Online Safety Act has cross-cutting duties to ensure that users’ rights to privacy are protected. All providers are required to give particular regard to the importance of protecting users’ privacy rights when implementing measures to comply with their new safety duties, including age assurance technologies. Where Ofcom has concerns that a provider has not complied with its obligations under data protection law, it may refer the matter to the ICO.

Innovation and Technology, whether she has made an assessment of the potential impact of the Online Safety Act 2023 on (a) Wikipedia and (b) news reporting sites.

The Online Safety Act covers services where users post content or interact online, requiring sites like Wikipedia to address illegal material and protect children where necessary. Ofcom must ensure that the duties are proportionate and appropriate for the different kinds and sizes of services.The Act includes exemptions for specific types of user comment sections, which will take many news publishers sites out of scope. Safeguards are also built in to protect news publisher content on the largest (Category 1) platforms and Ofcom will be required to review how the Act affects journalistic and news publisher material on such services.

Innovation and Technology, what guidance her Department has issued to (a) websites and (b) organisations on the implementation of the Online Safety Act 2023.

Ofcom has conducted an extensive programme of work aimed at facilitating understanding and compliance with the Online Safety Act. This includes a Regulation Checker to help services and organisations identify whether they are in scope of the relevant duties. Where they are, Ofcom provides guides and toolkits on complying with the new rules. Ofcom’s guide for services webpage can be used as a hub for relevant resources. When it comes to compliance, Ofcom will focus on services where the risk and impact of harm is the highest, only taking action where appropriate.

When he plans to respond to the letter of 10 July 2025 from the hon. Member for Henley and Thame on maternity services.

The letter has been passed to Baroness Amos as chair of the independent investigation into National Health Service maternity and neonatal care, and she will respond directly in due course.