Written questions by Jones.

What steps his Department is taking to help reduce resource disparities among NHS Trusts for cancer (a) care and (b) treatment.

A £70 million investment in new radiotherapy machines will ensure that the most advanced treatment is available and accessible to patients. The National Health Service will also maximise the pace of the roll-out of the additional diagnostic capacity, delivering the final year of the three-year investment plan for establishing community diagnostic centres, with capacity prioritised for cancer.The National Cancer Audit Collaborating Centre is currently undertaking a range of audits which provide timely evidence for cancer service providers of where patterns of care in England may vary. This will enable the NHS to understand where to increase the consistency of access to treatments and help stimulate improvements in cancer treatment and outcomes for patients.The Government recognises that a cancer-specific approach is needed to meet the challenges in cancer care, and to improve outcomes for people living with cancer. Following publication of the 10-Year Health Plan, we will publish a new National Cancer Plan, which will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients. We will continue to ensure that we train the staff we need to ensure patients are cared for by the right professional, when and where they need it, and the cancer plan will reflect this.The Department will also refresh the Long Term Workforce Plan to deliver the transformed health service we will build over the next decade, so the NHS has the staff it needs to treat patients on time again.

When the Minister for Public Health and Prevention plans to respond to the letter from the hon. Member for Wokingham of 21 January 2025 on blood cancer.

I replied to the hon. Member on 10 March 2025.

When his Department plans to respond to the hon. Member for Wokingham in relation to the correspondence of 5 February 2025 from the Leader of the House on the number of newly-qualified GPs employed under the Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme GP Sum in each integrated care board since August 2024.

I replied to the hon. Member on 4 April 2025.

What steps he is taking to improve research into innovative screening methods; and if he will commit to rapidly (a) funding, (b) piloting and (c) implementing screening programmes recommended by the National Screening Committee.

My Rt Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care has invested significant funding into the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), which leads on research into screening programmes. For example, on 4 February 2025 the Department announced that nearly 700,000 women across the country will take part in a world-leading trial to test how cutting-edge artificial intelligence tools can be used to catch breast cancer cases earlier. The Early Detection using Information Technology in Health trial is backed by £11 million of Government support, via the NIHR.Another example is the TRANSFORM trial into prostate cancer research, which is a £42 million screening trial which aims to find ways of detecting prostate cancer earlier. Prostate Cancer UK is leading the development of the trial, with the Government contributing £16 million through the NIHR.With regards to funding, piloting, and implementing screening programmes, ministers will consider the UK National Screening Committee’s (UK NSC) recommendations on a case by case basis. To date, every UK NSC recommendation has been accepted by ministers. Where a recommendation has been accepted, and no piloting is required, the National Health Service is asked to implement it at a pace in line with its capabilities.

What assessment he has made of potential impact of levels of deprivation on the mortality rate among cholangiocarcinoma patients.

We recognize that there are particular challenges for a number of different populations, particularly for people living in the most deprived areas of the country, and that this impacts incidence and mortality rates, including for those with cholangiocarcinoma.To improve early intervention and reduce mortality rates, NHS England’s Help Us, Help You campaigns seek to address the barriers that are deterring patients from accessing the care they need. The current Help Us, Help You campaign is focused on addressing symptoms of abdominal and urological cancers, which includes cholangiocarcinoma.

What steps his Department is taking to help raise awareness of cholangiocarcinoma.

I refer the Hon. Member to the answer given to the Hon. Member for Strangford on 23 January 2025 to Question 24851.

What steps he is taking to increase the prognosis rate for cholangiocarcinoma.

The National Health Service is taking crucial steps to improve cancer outcomes for patients across England, including for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.For stageable cancers, such as cholangiocarcinoma, there is a clear link between early staging and increased survival rates. Many of the actions we are implementing to improve the earlier staging of stageable cancers, such as improving awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, and increasing referral routes and the availability of diagnostics, have a positive impact on patient outcomes.To help achieve this, we will deliver an extra 40,000 operations, scans, and appointments each week. We are also investing an additional £889 million in general practice (GP) to reinforce the front door of the NHS, bringing the total spend on the GP Contract to £13.2 billion in 2025/26. This is the biggest increase in over a decade. The National Cancer Plan will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients. It will focus on speeding up diagnosis and treatment and ensuring that patients have access to the latest treatments and technology. The overarching goal of the plan is to ultimately bring this country’s cancer survival rates back up to the standards of the best in the world.

What assessment he has made of the potential impact of the level of deprivation on the incidence rate of cholangiocarcinoma.

We recognize that there are particular challenges for a number of different populations, particularly for people living in the most deprived areas of the country, and that this impacts incidence and mortality rates, including for those with cholangiocarcinoma.To improve early intervention and reduce mortality rates, NHS England’s Help Us, Help You campaigns seek to address the barriers that are deterring patients from accessing the care they need. The current Help Us, Help You campaign is focused on addressing symptoms of abdominal and urological cancers, which includes cholangiocarcinoma.

If he will take steps to include cholangiocarcinoma in the target group of 75% of cancers diagnosed at stage one or two by 2028.

Improving diagnosis rates and access to treatment are key priorities for the Government for all cancer types, including cholangiocarcinoma.To achieve this, we are improving public awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, streamlining referral routes, and increasing the availability of diagnostic capacity through the roll-out of more community diagnostic centres. We will continue to prioritise and improve early cancer diagnosis, including for cholangiocarcinoma, by delivering an extra 40,000 operations, scans, and appointments each week, as the first step to ensuring early diagnosis and better access to treatment.Our forthcoming National Cancer Plan will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients, as well as speeding up diagnosis and improving access to treatment.

With reference to page 11 of Cancer52 and GRAIL's report on improving diagnosis for rare and less common cancers, published in February 2025, what assessment he has made of the potential implications for his policies of the finding that 37% of people with rare and less common cancer say they saw their GP three or more times before they were diagnosed, compared to the national average of 21.7%; and what steps he is taking to reduce disparities in cancer diagnosis.

The Government is committed to supporting the National Health Service to diagnose cancer, including rare and less common cancers earlier and to treat them faster.We are improving public awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, streamlining referral routes, and increasing the availability of diagnostic capacity through the roll-out of more community diagnostic centres. We are also investing an additional £889 million in general practice (GP) to reinforce the front door of the NHS, bringing total spend on the GP Contract to £13.2 billion in 2025/26. This is the biggest increase in over a decade.We are committed to ensuring that GPs have the right training and systems to identify cancer. The Department will continue to look at opportunities to utilise artificial intelligence to transform diagnostic performance and ultimately bring down waiting times. The National Cancer Plan will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients, including for rare and less common cancers. It will aim to speed up diagnosis and treatment and will ensure that all patients have access to the latest treatments and technology.

What steps his Department is taking to increase the survival rates of people with (a) intrahepatic and (b) extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

The National Health Service is taking crucial steps to improve cancer outcomes for patients across England, including for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.For stageable cancers, such as cholangiocarcinoma, there is a clear link between early staging and increased survival rates. Many of the actions we are implementing to improve the earlier staging of stageable cancers, such as improving awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, and increasing referral routes and the availability of diagnostics, have a positive impact on patient outcomes.To help achieve this, we will deliver an extra 40,000 operations, scans, and appointments each week. We are also investing an additional £889 million in general practice (GP) to reinforce the front door of the NHS, bringing the total spend on the GP Contract to £13.2 billion in 2025/26. This is the biggest increase in over a decade. The National Cancer Plan will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients. It will focus on speeding up diagnosis and treatment and ensuring that patients have access to the latest treatments and technology. The overarching goal of the plan is to ultimately bring this country’s cancer survival rates back up to the standards of the best in the world.

Whether he plans to include policies on rare cancer prognosis in the national cancer plan.

My Rt Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care has announced that a National Cancer Plan for England will be published this year. The Prime Minister’s Health Mission sets the objective of building a National Health Service fit for the future, and an essential part of this is achieving our goal to reduce the number of lives lost to cancer.The National Cancer Plan will have patients at its heart and will cover the entirety of the cancer pathway, from referral and earlier diagnosis to accessing treatment and aftercare, including personalised care and care planning. It will apply this to all cancer types, including rare cancers. It will seek to improve every aspect of cancer care to improve the experience and outcomes for people with cancer. Our goal is to reduce the number of lives lost to cancer over the next ten years.

What assessment he has made of the potential merits of including a dedicated chapter within the National Cancer Plan on children and young people.

The structure of the National Cancer Plan document will be decided in due course. However, the plan will address the unique experiences of children and young people with cancer. To support this, on 4 February 2025, we relaunched the Children and Young People Cancer Taskforce to identify tangible ways to improve outcomes and experiences for children and young people with cancer.

If he will take steps to ensure that GPs have access to clinical decision support tools for identifying rare or less common cancers.

Improving diagnosis rates and access to treatment are key priorities for the Government for all cancer types, including rare and less common cancers.We are improving public awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, streamlining referral routes, and increasing the availability of diagnostic capacity through the roll-out of more community diagnostic centres. We are also investing an additional £889 million in general practice (GP) to reinforce the front door of the National Health Service, bringing total spend on the GP Contract to £13.2 billion in 2025/26. This is the biggest increase in over a decade.We are committed to ensuring that GPs have the right training and systems to identify cancer. Use of specific clinical decision support tools are agreed at a local level.The recently announced National Cancer Plan, which will complement the 10-Year Health Plan and support delivery of the Government’s Health Mission, will set out further actions to improve diagnosis, including for rare or less common cancers. The plan will also provide further details on how we will ensure patients have access to the latest treatments and technology and ultimately bringing this country’s cancer survival rates back up to the standards of the best in the world.

If he will hold discussions with NICE on the introduction of comprehensive guidance on the management of cholangiocarcinoma.

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has produced guidance through its technology appraisals programme recommending several medicines for use in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma that are now funded by the National Health Service for eligible patients.

What steps he is taking with NHS England to help improve (a) early diagnosis rates of and (b) access to treatments for cholangiocarcinoma in the Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and West Berkshire Integrated Care Board area.

Improving diagnosis rates and access to treatment are key priorities for the Government for all cancer types, including cholangiocarcinoma.To achieve this, we are improving public awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, streamlining referral routes, and increasing the availability of diagnostic capacity through the roll-out of more community diagnostic centres. We will continue to prioritise and improve early cancer diagnosis, including for cholangiocarcinoma, by delivering an extra 40,000 operations, scans, and appointments each week, as the first step to ensuring early diagnosis and better access to treatment.Our forthcoming National Cancer Plan will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients, as well as speeding up diagnosis and improving access to treatment.

What assessment he has made of the effectiveness of existing cancer stages.

Earlier diagnosis remains a key priority for the Government for stageable and non-stageable cancer types. For stageable cancers, there is a clear link between early staging and increased survival rates. Earlier diagnosis is also linked to better outcomes for non-stageable cancers. Many of the actions we are implementing to improve the earlier staging of stageable cancers, such as improving awareness of cancer signs and symptoms, and increasing referral routes and the availability of diagnostics, also have a positive impact on non-stageable cancer outcomes.Furthermore, to support the early diagnosis of non-stageable cancer types, NHS England currently implements non-specific symptom pathways for patients who present with non-specific symptoms, or combinations thereof, that can indicate several different cancers. From NHS England’s national evaluation, blood cancers are one of the most common cancer types diagnosed through these pathways.The National Cancer Plan will include further details on how we will improve outcomes for cancer patients, including those with non-stageable cancer types. It will aim to speed up diagnosis and treatment and will ensure that all patients have access to the latest treatments and technology.

Whether he plans to include proposals to (a) improve earlier diagnosis and (b) increase access to treatments of cholangiocarcinoma in the National Cancer Plan.

My Rt Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care has announced that a National Cancer Plan for England will be published this year. The Prime Minister’s Health Mission sets the objective of building a National Health Service fit for the future, and an essential part of this is achieving our goal to reduce the number of lives lost to cancer.The National Cancer Plan will have patients at its heart and will cover the entirety of the cancer pathway, from referral and earlier diagnosis to accessing treatment and ongoing care, and will apply to all cancer types, including rare cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma. It will seek to improve every aspect of cancer care, to improve the experience and outcomes for people with cancer. Our goal is to reduce the number of lives lost to cancer over the next ten years.

What steps he is taking to improve access to grant funding for cholangiocarcinoma research.

The Department invests £1.6 billion each year in research through its research delivery arm, the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). NIHR research expenditure for all cancers was £133 million in 2023/24, reflecting its high priority. These investments are pivotal for informing the efforts to improve cancer prevention, treatment, and outcomes, and include research into cholangiocarcinoma and cancers of the bile duct. An example of a current award is “a single arm pilot study of Brodalumab in the treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis”, with a total award value of £751,000.The NIHR funds research in response to proposals received from scientists rather than allocating funding to specific disease areas. The NIHR continues to encourage and welcome funding applications for research into any aspect of human health, including cholangiocarcinoma research. Applications are subject to peer review and judged in open competition, with awards being made on the basis of the importance of the topic to patients and health and care services, value for money, and scientific quality.

What steps his Department is taking to (a) increase public awareness of the (i) signs and (ii) symptoms of cancer and (b) encourage people to act on them.

I refer the Hon. Member to the answer given to the Hon. Member for Strangford on 23 January 2025 to Question 24851.